LUBRICANT COMPOSITION BASED ON FATTY TRIAMINES

专利摘要:
The present invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, at least one organomolybdenum compound, at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group and at least one fatty triamine. The lubricant composition according to the invention has both good friction properties for the steel / steel contacts, for the steel / carbon coating contacts as well as for the carbon / carbon coating contacts, while retaining good anti-wear properties. .
公开号:FR3014898A1
申请号:FR1362843
申请日:2013-12-17
公开日:2015-06-19
发明作者:Barros Bouchet Maria Isabel De；Olga Gorbatchev；Raphaele Iovine；Carine Pizard
申请人:Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS；Ecole Centrale de Lyon；Total Marketing Services SA；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention is applicable to the field of lubricants, in particular motor lubricants, and more particularly for motor vehicle engines. More particularly, the present invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, at least one organomolybdenum compound, at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group and at least one fatty triamine. The lubricant composition according to the invention has both good friction properties for the steel / steel contacts, for the steel / carbon coating contacts as well as for the carbon / carbon coating contacts, while retaining good anti-wear properties. . The present invention also relates to a lubrication process using this composition. The present invention also relates to a method for reducing friction between two steel surfaces, in particular in an engine, and more particularly in a motor vehicle engine. The present invention also relates to a method for reducing friction between a steel surface and a surface covered with carbon, in particular in an engine, and more particularly in a motor vehicle engine. The present invention also relates to a method for reducing friction between two surfaces coated with carbon, and more particularly in a motor vehicle engine.
[0002] The present invention also relates to a method for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle, and more particularly of a motor vehicle. The present invention also relates to the use of a fatty triamine in a lubricant composition for reducing friction between two steel surfaces, in particular in an engine, and more particularly in a motor vehicle engine. The present invention also relates to the use of a fatty triamine in a lubricant composition to reduce friction between a steel surface and a carbon-coated surface, especially in an engine, and more particularly in a motor vehicle engine.
[0003] The present invention also relates to the use of a fatty triamine in a lubricant composition for reducing the friction between two surfaces covered with carbon, in particular in an engine, and more particularly in a motor vehicle engine.
[0004] The present invention also relates to the use of a fatty triamine in a lubricant composition for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle, and more particularly of a motor vehicle. The present invention also relates to a concentrated type composition of additives comprising at least one organomolybdenum compound, at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group and at least one fatty triamine. BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY The purpose of lubricants is to reduce the phenomena of friction and wear of mechanical parts, particularly in the engines of vehicles, and more particularly of motor vehicles. To reduce these phenomena of friction, it is known to incorporate friction modifiers in lubricants.
[0005] Among the friction modifiers, the organomolybdenum compounds represent a family of compounds whose properties for reducing friction phenomena have been widely described, and more particularly in the contacts between two steel surfaces. However, it is known to those skilled in the art that the use of organomolybdenum compounds, in particular organomolybdenum compounds comprising a dithiocarbamate group, may cause worsening of the wear phenomena of mechanical parts. Thus, to solve this problem, the combination of an organomolybdenum compound and an antiwear such as a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group in a lubricating composition has been widely described. The document US Pat. No. 5,650,381 describes in particular a lubricating composition comprising an organomolybdenum compound and a zinc dithiophosphate. Furthermore, it is known to apply a coating on parts, including metal parts, to increase their resistance to wear in conditions of intensive rubbing and repeated. Among the existing technologies, carbon coatings are known, and in particular DLC (Diamond Like Carbon) coatings based on an amorphous carbon material with properties close to those of diamond. Thus, DLC coatings are used as coating surfaces of parts in vehicle engines, and in particular in motor vehicle engines. However, it is also known that the properties of reducing the friction phenomena of a carbon coating, and in particular of a DLC coating, can be altered or even degraded in the presence of a lubricant. More particularly, it has been observed that the organomolybdenum compounds present in a lubricant can degrade or even peel off a carbon coating present on a surface and that this degradation can be accentuated with the increase in the content of organomolybdenum compounds in the lubricant.
[0006] Thus, it has been sought lubricants compatible with surfaces coated with a carbon material, and in particular a DLC coating or a nanodiamond coating, these lubricants not comprising organololybdenum compounds. For example, EP 2479247 discloses a lubricant comprising a compound based on a zinc phosphate compound and a sulfur compound.
[0007] In addition, EP 1338641 discloses a lubricant comprising an amine as a friction modifier compatible with a surface having a DLC coating. However, this document gives no teaching as to the reducing properties of the friction phenomena of these lubricants for steel / steel contacts. In addition, this document does not teach the anti-wear properties of these lubricants, whether for steel / steel or steel / carbon contacts.
[0008] The use of carbon coating in engines, especially motor vehicles is growing, so there is still a need to look for lubricants with both good friction properties for steel / steel contacts, for contacts steel / carbon coating and for the carbon coating / carbon coating contacts, while maintaining good anti-wear properties.
[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide a lubricant composition overcoming all or in part the aforementioned drawbacks. Another object of the invention is to provide a lubricant composition whose formulation is easy to implement.
[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide a lubrication method for reducing friction between two steel surfaces, between a steel surface and a carbon-coated surface and between two carbon-coated surfaces.
[0011] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention thus relates to a lubricating composition comprising: at least one base oil, at least one organomolybdenum compound, at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, and at least one fatty triamine. Surprisingly, the Applicant has found that the presence of at least one organomolybdenum compound, at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group and at least one fatty triamine in a lubricating composition makes it possible to confer on the lubricating composition simultaneously with good friction properties for steel / steel contacts, for steel / carbon coating contacts and for carbon / carbon coating contacts.
[0012] Thus, the present invention makes it possible to formulate lubricating compositions comprising an optimized content of organomolybdenum compounds and having good friction properties for the steel / steel contacts, for the steel / carbon coating contacts as well as for the carbon coating / carbon coating contacts.
[0013] Advantageously, the lubricant compositions according to the invention have good friction properties for the steel / steel contacts, for the steel / carbon coating contacts and for the carbon / carbon coating contacts, while retaining good anti-wear properties. Advantageously, the lubricant compositions according to the invention allow fuel savings in all phases of operation of a vehicle engine, preferably motor vehicles, and more particularly at startup. Advantageously, the lubricant compositions according to the invention have good storage stability and a viscosity that does not vary or very little.
[0014] In one embodiment of the invention, the lubricant composition consists essentially of: at least one base oil, at least one organomolybdenum compound, at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, and at least one fatty triamine. The invention also relates to an engine oil comprising a lubricant composition as defined above.
[0015] The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition as defined above for the lubrication of mechanical parts, especially in transmissions and / or engines of vehicles, preferably motor vehicles.
[0016] The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition as defined above for reducing the friction between two steel surfaces, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition above for reducing the friction between a steel surface and a surface covered with carbon, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition as defined above for reducing the friction between two surfaces coated with carbon, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition as defined above for reducing the fuel consumption of vehicles, preferably of motor vehicles.
[0017] The invention also relates to a method for lubricating mechanical parts, especially in transmissions and / or engines of vehicles, preferably motor vehicles, comprising at least one step of contacting at least one part with a lubricating composition such as as defined above. The invention also relates to a method for reducing the friction between two steel surfaces, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle, comprising at least one step of contacting at least one of the steel surfaces with a composition lubricant as defined above. The invention also relates to a method for reducing friction between a steel surface and a surface covered with carbon, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle, comprising at least one step of contacting at least one of the surfaces with a lubricating composition as defined above. The invention also relates to a method for reducing the friction between two surfaces covered with carbon, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle, comprising at least one step of contacting at least one of the carbon-coated surfaces with a lubricant composition as defined above.
[0018] The invention also relates to a method for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle, preferably of a motor vehicle, comprising at least one step of contacting a mechanical part of the vehicle engine with a lubricating composition as defined. above.
[0019] The invention also relates to the use of a fatty triamine in a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, at least one organomolybdenum compound and at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group for reducing the friction between two steel surfaces, in particular The invention also relates to the use of a fatty triamine in a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, at least one organomolybdenum compound and at least one compound comprising a group. dithiophosphate for reducing the friction between a steel surface and a surface covered with carbon, especially in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to the use of a fatty triamine in a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, at least one organomolybdenum compound and at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group for reducing the friction between two carbon-coated surfaces, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle.
[0020] The invention also relates to the use of a fatty triamine in a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, at least one organomolybdenum compound and at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle, preferably of a motor vehicle.
[0021] The invention also relates to a composition of the additive concentrate type comprising: at least one organomolybdenum compound, at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, and at least one fatty triamine. Detailed Description of the Invention The percentages given below correspond to percentages by weight of active material.
[0022] Organomolybdenum Compound The lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one organomolybdenum compound. The organomolybdenum compound according to the invention is understood to mean any oil-soluble organomolybdenum compound. In one embodiment of the invention, the organomolybdenum compound can be chosen from organic complexes of molybdenum such as carboxylates, esters, molybdenum amides, obtainable by reaction of molybdenum oxide or molybdates. ammonium with fatty substances, glycerides, fatty acids or fatty acid derivatives (esters, amines, amides ...).
[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the organomolybdenum compound is selected from sulfur and phosphorus-free molybdenum complexes, with amide ligands, mainly prepared by reaction of a molybdenum source, which may be by Molybdenum trioxide, and an amine derivative, and of fatty acids comprising, for example, from 4 to 28 carbon atoms, preferably from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, such as, for example, the fatty acids contained in the vegetable or animal oils. The synthesis of such compounds is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,889,547, EP 0546357, US Pat. No. 5,412,130 and EP 1770153. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the organomolybdenum compound is chosen from organic complexes of molybdenum obtained by reaction: (i) a fatty substance of mono, di or tri glyceride type, or fatty acid, (ii) an amino source of formula (A): X111.1 HN X2Hm (A) in which: - X1 represents a oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom, - X2 represents an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom, - n and m represent 1 when X1 or X2 represent an oxygen atom, 30 - n and m represent 2 when X1 or X2 represent a nitrogen atom, (iii) and a molybdenum source selected from molybdenum trioxide or molybdates, preferably ammonium molybdate, in an amount sufficient to provide 0.1 to 30% of molybdenum relative to the total weight of complex. In one embodiment of the invention, the organic molybdenum complex may comprise from 2 to 8.5% by weight of molybdenum based on the weight of complex.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the organic molybdenum complex consists of at least one of the compounds of formula (I) or (II), alone or as a mixture: (I) in which: X1 represents a oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom; X 2 represents an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom; n represents 1 when X1 represents an oxygen atom and m represents 1 when X2 represents an oxygen atom; n represents 2 when X1 represents a nitrogen atom and m represents 2 when X2 represents a nitrogen atom; - R 1 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group comprising from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, advantageously from 7 to 17 carbon atoms; In which: X1 represents an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom; X 2 represents an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom; n represents 1 when X1 represents an oxygen atom and m represents 1 when X2 represents an oxygen atom; n represents 2 when X1 represents a nitrogen atom and m represents 2 when X2 represents a nitrogen atom; - R 1 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group comprising from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, advantageously from 7 to 17 carbon atoms; - R2 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group comprising from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, advantageously from 7 to 17 carbon atoms.
[0025] In one embodiment of the invention, the organic molybdenum complex is prepared by reaction of: (i) a mono, di or tri glyceride fatty substance, or fatty acid, (ii) diethanolamine or 2- (2-aminoethyl) aminoethanol, (iii) and a molybdenum source selected from molybdenum trioxide or molybdates, preferentially ammonium molybdate, in an amount sufficient to provide 0.1 to 20.0 mol% of molybdenum. ratio to the weight of complex.
[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the organic molybdenum complex consists of at least one compound of formula (Ia) or (II-a), alone or (Ia) in which R1 represents a linear alkyl group or branched, saturated or unsaturated, comprising from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, advantageously from 7 to 17 carbon atoms, in a mixture: Ri-CN Mo (II-a) in which R1 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group comprising from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, advantageously from 7 to 17 carbon atoms.
[0027] In another embodiment, the organomolybdenum compound may be selected from molybdenum dithiophosphates or molybdenum dithiocarbamates. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the organomolybdenum compound is chosen from molybdenum dithiocarbamates. The molybdenum dithiocarbamate compounds (Mo-DTC compounds) are complexes formed of a metal ring bound to one or more ligands, the ligand being a dithiocarbamate group of alkyls. These compounds are well known to those skilled in the art. In one embodiment of the invention, the Mo-DTC compound may comprise from 1 to 40%, preferably from 2 to 30%, more preferably from 3 to 28%, advantageously from 4 to 15% by weight of molybdenum, relative to the total mass of Mo-DTC compound.
[0028] In another embodiment of the invention, the Mo-DTC compound may comprise from 1 to 40%, preferably from 2 to 30%, more preferably from 3 to 28%, advantageously from 4 to 15% by weight of sulfur. , relative to the total mass of Mo-DTC compound.
[0029] In another embodiment of the invention, the Mo-DTC compound may be chosen from those whose nucleus has two molybdenum atoms (also called dimeric Mo-DTC) and those whose nucleus has three molybdenum atoms (also called Trimeric Mo-DTP).
[0030] In another embodiment of the invention, the trimeric Mo-DTC compounds correspond to the formula Mo3SkL, in which: k represents an integer at least equal to 4, preferably ranging from 4 to 10, advantageously from 4 to 7, n is an integer ranging from 1 to 4, and L being an alkyl dithiocarbamate group comprising from 1 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, advantageously from 3 to 20 carbon atoms. . Examples of trimeric Mo-DTC compounds according to the invention include the compounds and methods for their preparation as described in WO 98/26030 and US 2003/022954.
[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the Mo-DTC compound is a dimeric Mo-DTC compound. As examples of dimeric Mo-DTC compounds, mention may be made of the compounds and their methods of preparation as described in the documents EP 0757093, EP 0719851, EP 0743354 or EP 1013749. The dimeric Mo-DTC compounds generally correspond to the compounds of formula ( III): X3 X4 R3 , II / X5 NC Mo Mo; Wherein R 3, R 4, R 5, R 6, which may be identical or different, independently represent a hydrocarbon group chosen from alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl groups, X 3, X 4 and X 5; and X6, which may be identical or different, independently represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
[0032] Alkyl group in the sense of the invention means a hydrocarbon group, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, comprising from 1 to 24 carbon atoms.
[0033] In one embodiment of the invention, the alkyl group is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, iso-pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, isotridecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, stearyl, icosyl, docosyl, tetracosyl, triacontyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 2-butyloctyl, 2-butyldecyl, 2-hexyloctyl, 2-hexyldecyl, 2-octyldecyl, 2-hexyldodecyl , 2-octyldodecyl, 2-decyltetradecyl, 2-dodecylhexadecyl, 2-hexadecyloctadecyl, 2-tetradecyloctadecyl, myristyl, palmityl and stearyl.
[0034] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "alkenyl group" means a linear or branched hydrocarbon group comprising at least one double bond and comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms. The alkenyl group may be chosen from vinyl, allyl, propenyl, butenyl, isobutenyl, pentenyl, isopentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tetradecenyl and oleic. Aryl group within the meaning of the present invention means a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or an aromatic group, substituted or not with an alkyl group. The aryl group may comprise from 6 to 24 carbon atoms. In one embodiment, the aryl group may be selected from the group consisting of phenyl, toluyl, xylyl, cumenyl, mesityl, benzyl, phenethyl, styryl, cinnamyl, benzhydryl, trityl, ethylphenyl, propylphenyl, butylphenyl, pentylphenyl, hexylphenyl, heptylphenyl, octylphenyl, nonylphenyl, decylphenyl, undecylphenyl, dodecylphenyl, phenylphenyl, benzylphenyl, phenylstyrene, p-cumylphenyl and the like. naphthyl. For the purpose of the present invention, the cycloalkyl groups and the cycloalkenyl groups may be chosen, in a non-limiting manner, from the group consisting of cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, methylcyclopentyl, methylcyclohexyl, methylcycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, methylcyclopentenyl, methylcyclohexenyl. Cycloalkyl groups and cycloalkenyl groups may comprise from 3 to 24 carbon atoms. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, R3, R4, R5 and R6, which may be identical or different, independently represent an alkyl group comprising from 4 to 18 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms. In one embodiment of the invention, X3, X4, X5 and X6 may be the same and may be a sulfur atom.
[0035] In another embodiment of the invention, X3, X4, X5 and X6 may be the same and may be an oxygen atom. In another embodiment of the invention, X3 and X4 may represent a sulfur atom and X5 and X6 may represent an oxygen atom. In another embodiment of the invention, X3 and X4 may represent an oxygen atom and X5 and X6 may represent a sulfur atom. In another embodiment of the invention; the ratio of the number of sulfur atoms to the number of oxygen (S / O) atoms of the Mo-DTC compound may vary from (1/3) to (3/1). In another embodiment of the invention, the Mo-DTC compound of formula (A) may be chosen from a symmetrical Mo-DTC compound, an asymmetric Mo-DTC compound and their combination. By symmetric Mo-DTC compound according to the invention is meant a Mo-DTC compound of formula (III) in which the groups R3, R4, R5 and R6 are identical. By asymmetric Mo-DTC compound according to the invention is meant a Mo-DTC compound of formula (III) in which the groups R3 and R4 are identical, the groups R5 and R6 are identical and the groups R3 and R4 are different from the groups R5 and R6. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the Mo-DTC compound is a mixture of at least one symmetrical Mo-DTC compound and at least one asymmetric Mo-DTC compound. In one embodiment of the invention, R3 and R4, which are identical, represent an alkyl group comprising from 5 to 15 carbon atoms and R5 and R6, which are identical and different from R3 and R4, represent an alkyl group comprising from 5 to 15 carbon atoms. carbon atoms.
[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, R3 and R4, which are identical, represent an alkyl group comprising from 6 to 10 carbon atoms and R5 and R6 represent an alkyl group comprising from 10 to 15 carbon atoms. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R3 and R4, which are identical, represent an alkyl group comprising from 10 to 15 carbon atoms and R5 and R6 represent an alkyl group comprising from 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
[0037] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R3, R4, R5 and R6, which are identical, represent an alkyl group comprising from 5 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably from 8 to 13 carbon atoms.
[0038] Advantageously, the compound Mo-DTC is chosen from the compounds of formula (III) in which: - X 3 and X 4 represent an oxygen atom, - X 5 and X 6 represent a sulfur atom, - R 3 represents an alkyl group comprising 8 carbon atoms or an alkyl group comprising 13 carbon atoms, - R4 represents an alkyl group comprising 8 carbon atoms or an alkyl group comprising 13 carbon atoms, - R5 represents an alkyl group comprising 8 carbon atoms or an alkyl group comprising 13 carbon atoms, - R6 represents an alkyl group comprising 8 carbon atoms or an alkyl group comprising 13 carbon atoms. Thus, advantageously, the compound Mo-DTC is chosen from compounds of formula (III-a) ## STR1 ## in which the groups R3, R4, R5 and R6 are as defined for formula (III).
[0039] More advantageously, the compound Mo-DTC is a mixture of: - a Mo-DTC compound of formula (III-a) in which R3, R4, R5 and R6 represent an alkyl group comprising 8 carbon atoms, - d an Mo-DTC compound of formula (III-a) in which R3, R4, R5 and R6 represent an alkyl group comprising 13 carbon atoms, and - a Mo-DTC compound of formula (III-a) in which R3, R4 represent an alkyl group comprising 13 carbon atoms and R5 and R6 represent an alkyl group comprising 8 carbon atoms, and / or - a Mo-DTC compound of formula (A1) in which R3, R4 represent a grouping alkyl comprising 8 carbon atoms and R5 and R6 represent an alkyl group comprising 13 carbon atoms.
[0040] Examples of Mo-DTC compounds that may be mentioned are the products Molyvan L, Molyvan 807 or Molyvan 822 marketed by the company RT Vanderbilt Compagny or the Sakura-lube 200, Sakura-lube 165, Sakura-lube 525 or Sakura-lube 600 products. marketed by the company Adeka. In one embodiment of the invention, the content by weight of organomolybdenum compound ranges from 0.05 to 3%, preferably from 0.1 to 2%, advantageously from 0.1 to 1% relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition. Compound Comprising a Dithiophosphate Group The lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group. For the sake of simplification of the description, the compound comprising a dithiophosphate group is called "dithiophosphate" in the following description. The dithiophosphate, without being limiting, may be chosen from ammonium dithiophosphates, amine dithiophosphates, ester dithiophosphates and metal dithiophosphates, taken alone or as a mixture. In one embodiment of the invention, the dithiophosphate is chosen from the ammonium dithiophosphates of formula (IV): embedded image in which R 7 and R 8 independently represent one of the another hydrocarbon group, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, R 7 and R 8 represent, independently of one another, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably from 3 to 18 carbon atoms. , advantageously from 5 to 12 carbon atoms. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R7 and R8 represent, independently of one another, an unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, said hydrocarbon group possibly being an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl group. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R7 and R8 represent, independently of one another, a linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon group, more preferably a linear alkyl hydrocarbon group. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R 7 and R 8 independently of one another represent a hydrocarbon group optionally substituted with at least one oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and / or phosphorus atom, preferably by at least one oxygen atom. Examples of ammonium dithiophosphate include ammonium dimethyl dithiophosphates, ammonium diethyl dithiophosphates and ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphates. In another embodiment of the invention, the dithiophosphate is chosen from amine dithiophosphates of general formula (V): ## STR2 ## in which: R 9 and R10 represent, independently of each other, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R11, R12 and R13 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group; from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, it being understood that at least one of the groups R 11, R 12 and R 13 does not represent a hydrogen atom.
[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, R 9 and R 10 represent, independently of each other, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, advantageously from 5 to 12 carbon atoms. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R 9 and R 10 represent, independently of one another, an unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, said hydrocarbon group possibly being an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl group. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R 9 and R 10 represent, independently of one another, a linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon group, more preferably a linear alkyl hydrocarbon group. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R 9 and R 10 represent, independently of one another, a hydrocarbon group optionally substituted with at least one oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and / or phosphorus atom. preferably by at least one oxygen atom. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R 11, R 12 and R 13 represent, independently of one another, a hydrocarbon group comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, advantageously from 5 to 12 carbon atoms. In another embodiment of the invention, the dithiophosphate is selected from the ester dithiophosphates of the general formula (VI): ## STR1 ## wherein: R14 and R15 represent, independently of one another, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R16 and R17 represent, independently of one another, a hydrocarbon group comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, R14 and R15 represent, independently of one another, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, advantageously from 5 to 12 carbon atoms. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R14 and R15 represent, independently of one another, an unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, said hydrocarbon group possibly being an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl group. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R14 and R15 represent, independently of one another, a linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon group, more preferably a linear alkyl hydrocarbon group. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R14 and R15 represent, independently of one another, a hydrocarbon group optionally substituted with at least one oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and / or phosphorus atom, preferably by at least one oxygen atom. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R14 and R15 represent, independently of one another, a hydrocarbon group comprising from 2 to 6 carbon atoms. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R 16 and R 17 independently of one another represent a hydrocarbon group comprising from 2 to 6 carbon atoms. In another embodiment, the dithiophosphate is chosen from metal dithiophosphates of general formula (VII): embedded image in which: R 18 and R 19 represent independently one of on the other a hydrocarbon group, optionally substituted, comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, - M represents a metal cation, and - n is the valence of this metal cation. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the metal is selected from the group consisting of zinc, aluminum, copper, iron, mercury, silver, cadmium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, thallium, chromium, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, tungsten, sodium, calcium, magnesium, manganese and arsenic. The preferred metals are zinc, molybdenum, antimony, preferably zinc and molybdenum. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the metal is zinc. Mixtures of metals can be used. The metal dithiophosphates are neutral as exemplified in formula (VII) or basic when a stoichiometric excess of metal is present.
[0042] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, R18 and R19 represent, independently of one another, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group comprising from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably from 3 to 18 carbon atoms, advantageously from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
[0043] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R18 and R19 represent, independently of one another, an unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, said hydrocarbon group possibly being an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl or benzyl group.
[0044] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R18 and R19 represent, independently of one another, a linear or branched alkyl hydrocarbon group, more preferably a linear alkyl hydrocarbon group.
[0045] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, R18 and R19 represent, independently of one another, a hydrocarbon group optionally substituted with at least one oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and / or phosphorus atom, preferably by at least one oxygen atom. Advantageously, the dithiophosphate according to the invention is a zinc dithiophosphate of formula (VI la) or of formula (VI lb): ## STR2 ## R 18, ## STR13 ## Wherein R18 and R19 are as defined above. As the metal dithiophosphate according to the invention, mention may be made, for example, of Additin® RC 3038, Additirv® RC 3045, Additin® RC 3048, Additin® RC 3058, Additin® RC 3080, Additin® RC 3180, Additin® RC 3212, Additin® RC 3580, Kikulube® Z112, Lubrizol® 1371, Lubrizol® 1375, Lubrizol® 1395, Lubrizol® 5179, Oloa ® 260, Oloa® 267. In one embodiment of the invention, the content by weight of dithiophosphate ranges from 0.1 to 5%, preferably from 0.1 to 3%, advantageously from 0.5 to 2% by weight of the total weight of the lubricating composition.
[0046] R18 R18 R19 R19 Fatty Triamine The lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one fatty triamine.
[0047] Fatty triamines are mainly obtained from carboxylic acids. The starting fatty acids for obtaining fatty triamines according to the invention may be chosen from myristic, pentadecyl, palmitic, margaric, stearic, nonadecylic, arachidic, henicosanoic, behenic, tricosanoic, lignoceric, pentacosanoic, cerotic, heptacosanoic and montanic acids. nonacosanoic, melissic, hentriacontanoic, laceroic or unsaturated fatty acids such as palmitoleic acid, oleic, erucic, nervonic, linoleic, a-linolenic, gamma-linolenic, di-homo-gamma-linolenic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic.
[0048] The preferred fatty acids may be derived from the hydrolysis of triglycerides present in vegetable and animal oils, such as coconut oil, palm oil, olive oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, cotton, flax, beef tallow, .... Natural oils may have been genetically modified to enrich their content of certain fatty acids. By way of example, mention may be made of rapeseed oil or oleic sunflower oil. In one embodiment of the invention, fatty triamines can be obtained from natural, plant or animal resources.
[0049] In another embodiment of the invention, the fatty triamine is chosen from the compounds of formula (VIII): R 20 -N-RCH 2) 3 -NH 2] 2 (VIII) in which R 20 represents a linear or branched alkyl group, saturated or unsaturated compound comprising at least 10 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably from 14 to 22 carbon atoms, advantageously from 16 to 20 carbon atoms. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, R 20 represents a mixture of at least one saturated alkyl group comprising from 16 to 18 carbon atoms and a mono-unsaturated alkyl group comprising from 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
[0050] In another embodiment of the invention, the fatty triamine is chosen from the compounds of formula (IX): R21-NH- (C1-12-C1-12-CF-12-NH) 2 -H (IX) in which R21 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group comprising at least 10 carbon atoms, preferentially from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably from 14 to 22 carbon atoms, advantageously from 16 to 20 carbon atoms.
[0051] In one embodiment of the invention, the content by weight of fatty triamine ranges from 0.1 to 5%, preferably from 0.1 to 3%, advantageously from 0.5 to 2% relative to the total weight of the composition. In another embodiment of the invention, the lubricating composition comprises a mass ratio (organomolybdenum compound / fatty triamine) ranging from 1/10 to 1, preferably from 1/5 to 4/5. In another embodiment of the invention, the lubricating composition comprises a mass ratio (organomolybdenum compound / compound comprising a dithiophosphate / fatty triamine group) ranging from 1/10/10 to 1/1/1, preferably from 1 / 5/5 to 4/5/5. Base oil The lubricant compositions according to the invention may contain any type of mineral lubricating base oil, synthetic or natural, animal or vegetable adapted (s) to their use. The base oil (s) used in the lubricant compositions according to the present invention may be oils of mineral or synthetic origin of groups I to V according to the classes defined in the API classification (or their equivalents according to the ATIEL classification) as summarized. below, alone or in admixture. 35 Table I Saturated content Sulfur content Viscosity (VI) Group I Mineral oils <90%> 0.03% 80 VI <120 Group II Oils> 90% 0.03% 80 VI <120 hydrocracked Group III> _90% <_0.03% 120 Hydrocracked or hydro-isomerized oils Group IV Polyalphaolefines (PAO) Group V Esters and other bases not included in bases I to IV The mineral base oils according to the invention include all types bases obtained by atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil, followed by refining operations such as solvent extraction, desalphating, solvent dewaxing, hydrotreatment, hydrocracking and hydroisomerization, hydrofinishing. The base oils of the lubricating compositions according to the invention may also be synthetic oils, such as certain carboxylic acid esters and alcohols, or polyalphaolefins. The polyalphaolefins used as base oils are, for example, obtained from monomers containing from 4 to 32 carbon atoms (for example octene, decene) and a viscosity at 100 ° C. of between 1.5 and 15 cSt according to the standard. ASTM D445. Their weight average molecular weight is typically between 250 and 3000 according to ASTM D5296. Mixtures of synthetic and mineral oils can also be used.
[0052] There is no limitation as to the use of a particular lubricating base for producing the lubricating compositions according to the invention, except that they must have properties, in particular viscosity, viscosity index, sulfur, oxidation resistance, adapted for use in a vehicle engine, preferably motor vehicles.
[0053] In one embodiment of the invention, the lubricating bases represent at least 50% by weight, with respect to the total mass of the lubricating composition, preferably at least 60%, or at least 70%. Typically, they represent between 75 and 99.9% by weight, relative to the total mass of the lubricating compositions according to the invention.
[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubricating compositions comprise Group I and / or III mineral bases, or Group IV synthetic bases according to the API classification. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubricating compositions have a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. measured according to ASTM D445 ranging from 4 to 25 cSt, preferably from 5 to 22 cSt, advantageously from 5 to 13 cSt. . In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubricating compositions have a viscosity index (VI) of greater than or equal to 140, preferably greater than or equal to 150, measured according to ASTM 2270. Other additives The lubricating compositions according to US Pat. the invention may also further contain at least one additive selected from detergents, anti-wear additives other than a dithiophosphate, extreme pressure additives, dispersants, pour point improvers, defoamers, thickeners and their mixtures. In one embodiment, the lubricating composition may further comprise at least one antioxidant additive. The antioxidant additives retard the degradation of the lubricating compositions in service, in particular engine oils in service, which degradation may in particular result in the formation of deposits, the presence of sludge, or an increase in the viscosity of the lubricant composition, especially the engine oil. Antioxidant additives act in particular as radical inhibitors or destroyers of hydroperoxides. Among the antioxidants commonly used, mention may be made of antioxidants of phenolic or amine type, phosphosulfur antioxidants. Some of these antioxidants, for example phosphosulfides, can be ash generators. Phenolic antioxidants may be ashless, or may be in the form of neutral or basic metal salts. The antioxidant agents may especially be chosen from sterically hindered phenols, sterically hindered phenol esters and sterically hindered phenols comprising a thioether bridge, diphenylamines, diphenylamines substituted by at least one C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, and N, N dialkyl aryl diamines and combinations thereof. For the purposes of the present invention, sterically hindered phenol means a compound comprising a phenol group in which at least one vicinal carbon of the carbon bearing the alcohol function is substituted by at least one alkyl group at 01-01, preferably an alkyl group. in C1-06, preferably a C4 alkyl group, preferably by the ter-butyl group. Amino compounds are another class of antioxidants that can be used, optionally in combination with phenolic antioxidants. Typical examples are aromatic amines, of the formula R22R23R24N, wherein R22 represents an optionally substituted aliphatic or aromatic group, R23 represents an optionally substituted aromatic group, R24 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a group of the formula R25S (O) zR26, where R25 represents an alkylene group or an alkenylene group, R26 represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group or an aryl group and z represents an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2. Alkyl sulfurized phenols or their alkali and alkaline earth metal salts can also be used as antioxidants. Another class of antioxidants is copper compounds, for example copper thio- or dithiophosphates, copper and carboxylic acid salts, dithiocarbamates, sulphonates, phenates, copper acetylacetonates. Copper salts I and II, succinic acid or anhydride may also be used.
[0055] The lubricant composition according to the invention may contain any type of antioxidant additives known to those skilled in the art. Advantageously, the ashless antioxidants are used. In one embodiment, the lubricant composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.5 to 2% of at least one antioxidant additive by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricant composition. In one embodiment, the lubricating composition according to the invention may further comprise a detergent additive. The detergent additives reduce in particular the formation of deposits on the surface of the metal parts by dissolving the secondary products of oxidation and combustion. The detergents that can be used in the lubricant composition according to the invention are well known to those skilled in the art. The detergents commonly used in the formulation of lubricating compositions may be anionic compounds having a long lipophilic hydrocarbon chain and a hydrophilic head. The associated cation is typically a metal cation of an alkali or alkaline earth metal. The detergents are preferably chosen from alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, sulphonates, salicylates and naphthenates, as well as the salts of phenates. The alkali and alkaline earth metals are preferably calcium, magnesium, sodium or barium. These metal salts may contain the metal in an approximately stoichiometric amount or in excess (in an amount greater than the stoichiometric amount). In the latter case, these detergents are called overbased detergents. The excess metal, bringing the overbased character to the detergent, is in the form of metal salts insoluble in the oil, for example carbonate, hydroxide, oxalate, acetate, glutamate, preferably carbonate. In one embodiment, the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 2 to 4% by weight of detergent, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment, the lubricant composition according to the invention may further comprise at least one pour point depressant additive. The pour point depressant additives notably improve the cold behavior of the lubricating compositions, by slowing down the formation of paraffin crystals. As examples of pour point depressant additives, mention may be made of alkyl polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyarylamides, polyalkylphenols, polyalkylnaphthalenes and alkylated polystyrenes.
[0056] In one embodiment, the lubricant composition according to the invention may comprise, in addition, at least one dispersant. The dispersants may be selected from groups formed by Mannich bases or bases. In one embodiment, the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.2 to 10% by weight of dispersants relative to the total mass of the lubricant composition. In one embodiment, the lubricating composition may further comprise at least one viscosity index improving polymer. Among these polymers, mention may be made of polymeric esters, copolymers of ethylene and propylene, homopolymers or copolymers of styrene, butadiene or isoprene, hydrogenated or otherwise, polymethacrylates (PMA). In one embodiment, the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 1 to 15% by weight of viscosity index improving polymers, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition. invention, the lubricating composition comprises: from 75 to 99.75% of at least one base oil, from 0.05 to 3% of at least one organomolybdenum compound, from 0.1 to 5% of at least a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, from 0.1 to 5% of at least one fatty triamine. In another embodiment of the invention, the lubricating composition comprises: from 75 to 99.25% of at least one base oil, from 0.05 to 3% of at least one organomolybdenum compound, from 0, 1 to 5% of at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, from 0.1 to 5% of at least one fatty triamine, from 0.5 to 5% of at least one other additive. In another embodiment of the invention, the lubricating composition consists essentially of: 75 to 99.75% of at least one base oil, 0.05 to 3% of at least one organomolybdenum compound, 0.1 at 5% of at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, 0.1 to 5% of at least one fatty triamine.
[0057] In another embodiment of the invention, the lubricating composition consists essentially of: 75 to 99.25% of at least one base oil, 0.05 to 3% of at least one organomolybdenum compound, 0.1 at 5% of at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, 0.1 to 5% of at least one fatty triamine, 0.5 to 5% of at least one other additive. The set of characteristics and preferences presented for the base oil, the organomolybdenum compound, the dithiophosphate group compound, the fatty triamine and the additional additive also apply to the above lubricating compositions. In one embodiment of the invention, the lubricating composition is not an emulsion. In another embodiment of the invention, the lubricant composition is anhydrous.
[0058] The invention also relates to an engine oil comprising a lubricant composition according to the invention. All the characteristics and preferences presented for the lubricant composition also apply to the engine oil according to the invention. In one embodiment of the invention, the engine oil can be grade OW-20 and 5W-30 according to classification SAEJ300, characterized by a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C (KV100) ranging from 5.6 to 12, 5 cSt measured according to ASTM D445 international standard. In another embodiment of the invention, the engine oil may be characterized by a viscosity index, calculated according to the international standard ASTM D2230, greater than or equal to 130, preferably greater than or equal to 150. To formulate an oil motor, it is advantageously possible to use base oils having a sulfur content of less than 0.3%, for example group III mineral oils, and sulfur-free, preferably group IV, synthetic bases, or mixtures thereof. The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition as defined above for the lubrication of mechanical parts, in particular in transmissions and / or engines of vehicles, preferably motor vehicles. The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition as defined above for reducing friction between two steel surfaces, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition above to reduce friction between a steel surface and a carbon-coated surface, especially in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle.
[0059] The subject of the invention is also the use of a lubricant composition as defined above for reducing the friction between two surfaces covered with carbon, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle.
[0060] By carbon coating according to the invention is meant any coating comprising carbon. These carbon coatings may be chosen from diamond coatings, and more particularly nanodiamond coatings.
[0061] Such coatings can in particular be in the form of at least one layer of nanocrystalline diamond having a purity ranging from 70 to 99%. In one embodiment of the invention, the carbon coatings are chosen from nanodiamond coatings in the form of at least one nanocrystalline diamond layer having a purity ranging from 70 to 99%, preferably ranging from 70 to 97%, advantageously of 75% and a thickness ranging from 0.1 to 3p, preferably ranging from 0.5 to 2p, advantageously 1.5p. These carbon coatings can also be chosen from DLC (Diamond Like Carbon) type coatings.
[0062] Any type of DLC coating can be used as a carbon coating according to the invention. DLCs are a collection of families of amorphous materials containing mostly carbon. Among these families, two families are mainly known and used: hydrogenated DLCs, especially hydrogenated DLC called a-C: H and non-hydrogenated DLC, especially non-hydrogenated DLC called a-C or non-hydrogenated DLC called ta-C. DLCs have properties that vary depending on their content of sp3 hybridized carbons and their hydrogen content. Some DLC variants may be doped with metal elements, such as iron, chromium or tungsten.
[0063] Compared to diamond coatings, DLC coatings are generally less mechanically and thermally resistant because they are amorphous materials. On the other hand, they are generally less rough and above all can be deposited at low temperature on most substrates.
[0064] In one embodiment of the invention, the DLCs are chosen from hydrogenated DLCs, especially the hydrogenated DLCs designated a-C: H. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the DLCs are chosen from hydrogenated DLCs, especially hydrogenated DLCs designated a-C: H containing from 10 to 40% of hydrogen.
[0065] The above use also makes it possible not to aggravate or reduce wear between two steel surfaces, especially in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle.
[0066] The above use also makes it possible not to aggravate or even reduce wear between a steel surface and a surface covered with carbon, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle. The above use also makes it possible not to aggravate or reduce wear between two carbon-coated surfaces, especially in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition as defined above for reducing the fuel consumption of vehicles, preferably of a motor vehicle. All of the features and preferences presented for the lubricant composition also apply to the above uses.
[0067] The invention also relates to a method for lubricating mechanical parts, especially in transmissions and / or engines of vehicles, preferably motor vehicles, comprising at least one step of contacting at least one part with a lubricating composition such as The invention also relates to a method for reducing the friction between two steel surfaces, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle, comprising at least one contacting step of the invention. minus one of the steel surfaces with a lubricating composition as defined above. The subject of the invention is also a method for reducing friction between a steel surface and a surface covered with carbon, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle, comprising at least one contacting step of at least one one of the surfaces with a lubricating composition as defined above. The subject of the invention is also a method for reducing friction between two surfaces covered with carbon, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle, comprising at least one step of contacting at least one of the surfaces covered with carbon. carbon with a lubricating composition as defined above. The above method also makes it possible not to aggravate or reduce wear between two steel surfaces, especially in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle. The above method also makes it possible not to aggravate or reduce wear between a steel surface and a surface covered with carbon, especially in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle. The above method also makes it possible not to aggravate or reduce wear between two carbon-coated surfaces, especially in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle.
[0068] The invention also relates to a method for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle, preferably a motor vehicle, comprising at least one step of contacting a mechanical part of the engine of the vehicle with a lubricant composition such as As defined above, all of the features and preferences presented for the lubricating composition also apply to the above processes. The vehicles may include a two or four stroke internal combustion engine. The engines may be gasoline engines or diesel engines intended to be powered by gasoline or conventional diesel. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "conventional gasoline" or "conventional diesel" means engines which are powered by a fuel obtained after refining an oil of mineral origin (such as oil for example). The engines may also be gasoline engines or diesel engines modified to be powered by a fuel based on oils derived from renewable materials such as alcohol-based fuels or biodiesel fuel. The vehicles may be light vehicles such as automobiles and motorcycles. Vehicles can also be heavy trucks, construction machinery, ships. The invention also relates to the use of a fatty triamine in a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, at least one organomolybdenum compound and at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group for reducing the friction between two steel surfaces. , in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to the use of a fatty triamine in a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, at least one organomolybdenum compound and at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group to reduce the friction between a steel surface. and a surface covered with carbon, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle.
[0069] The invention also relates to the use of a fatty triamine in a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, at least one organomolybdenum compound and at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group to reduce the friction between two surfaces covered with carbon, especially in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle. The above use also makes it possible not to aggravate or reduce wear between two steel surfaces, especially in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle. The above use also makes it possible not to aggravate or even reduce wear between a steel surface and a surface covered with carbon, in particular in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle. The above use also makes it possible not to aggravate or reduce wear between two carbon-coated surfaces, especially in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle.
[0070] The subject of the invention is also the use of a fatty triamine in a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, at least one organomolybdenum compound and at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group for reducing the fuel consumption of a compound. vehicle, preferably a motor vehicle. All the characteristics and preferences presented for the base oil, the fatty triamine, the organomolybdenum compound and the compound comprising a dithiophosphate group also apply to the above uses.
[0071] The invention also relates to a composition of the additive concentrate type comprising: at least one organomolybdenum compound, at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, and at least one fatty triamine. The set of characteristics and preferences presented for the fatty triamine, the organomolybdenum compound and the compound comprising a dithiophosphate group also applies to the above additive concentrate type composition.
[0072] In one embodiment of the invention, the additive concentrate type composition further comprises at least one additional additive. The additional additive may be selected from the additives mentioned above.
[0073] In one embodiment of the invention, at least one base oil can be added to the additive concentrate composition according to the invention to obtain a lubricating composition according to the invention. The various objects of the present invention and their implementations will be better understood on reading the examples which follow. These examples are given for information only, and are not limiting in nature. EXAMPLES Example 1 Lubricating compositions Nos. 1 to 6 were prepared from the following compounds: a Group III base oil having a viscosity at 100 ° C. of 4.3 cSt measured according to ASTM standard D445, - a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group: zinc dithiophosphate (Lz 1371 sold by the company Lubrizol), - an organomolybdenum compound 1: organomolybdenum complex of formula (Ia) in which R1 represents a hydrocarbon group comprising 11 atoms carbon (Molyvan 855 marketed by Vanderbilt), - an organomolybdenum compound 2: molybdenum dithiocarbamate (Sakura-lube 525 marketed by Adeka), - a fatty triamine of formula (VIII) in which R 20 represents a hydrocarbon group comprising from 16 to 18 carbon atoms (Triameen YT sold by Akzo). Lubricating compositions Nos. 1 to 6 are described in Table II; the percentages given are percentages by weight. Table II Lubricating Composition No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 No. 5 No. 6 Base Oil 100 98.5 98.6 97.5 97.6 99 Compound Comprising a dithiophosphate group 1 1 1 1 Compound 0.5 0.5 organomolybdenum 1 Compound 0.4 0.4 organomolybdenum 2 Fatty triamine 1 1 1 Test 1: evaluation of the friction properties of lubricating compositions on a steel / steel contact It is intended to evaluate the friction properties of the lubricating compositions Nos. 1, 2 and 4 on the steel / steel contacts by measuring the coefficient of friction. The coefficient of friction is evaluated using a linear ball / plane tribometer under the following conditions: - type of steel: 100c6 - temperature: 80 ° C, - normal load of 5N, - stroke of 5mm. A difference of at least 0.01 between two coefficient of friction values is considered significant to show the influence on said coefficient of friction. Table III shows the coefficient of friction of the lubricating compositions No. 1, No. 2 and No. 4.
[0074] Table III Composition No. 1 No. 2 No. 4 Coefficient of 0.150 0.035 0.025 friction steel / steel These results show that the lubricant composition according to the invention No. 4 has improved friction properties for the steel / steel contacts, compared with a lubricating composition comprising an organomolybdenum compound according to the invention and a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group according to the invention but not comprising fatty triamine according to the invention (composition No. 2). In addition to these results relating to the coefficient of friction, it has been observed that, by the use of the lubricating composition according to the invention No. 4, the wear on the surface of the balls has not worsened, compared with the lubricating composition No. 2. Test 2: Evaluation of the friction properties of lubricating compositions on a DLC / steel contact It is a question of evaluating the friction properties of the lubricating compositions No. 1, No. 2, No. 4 and No. 6 on the DLC contacts / steel, by measuring the coefficient of friction.
[0075] The coefficient of friction is evaluated using a linear DLC ball / steel plane tribometer under the following conditions: - nature of the steel: 100c6, - nature of the DLC coating of the beads: hydrogenated DLC a: CH containing between 31 and 33% hydrogen and having a molar ratio (carbon sp2 / carbon spi) equal to 55/45, - thickness of the layer DLC: 1.5p, - temperature: 110 ° C, - normal load of 5N, - stroke 10mm. A difference of at least 0.01 between two coefficient of friction values is considered significant to show the influence on said coefficient of friction.
[0076] Table IV shows the coefficient of friction of the lubricant compositions No. 1, No. 2, No. 4 and No. 6. Table IV Composition No. 1 No. 2 No. 4 No. 6 Coefficient of 0.070 0.070 0.053 0.080 friction DLC / steel These results show that the lubricant composition according to the invention No. 4 has improved friction properties on contacts DLC / steel, in comparison with a lubricating composition comprising an organomolybdenum compound according to the invention and a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group according to the invention but not comprising fatty triamine according to the invention (composition No. 2), as well as compared to a composition lubricant comprising a fatty triamine according to the invention but comprising no organomolybdenum compound according to the invention nor a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group according to the invention (composition No. 6). It is interesting to note that the friction coefficients of the lubricating compositions No. 2 and No. 6 are higher than the coefficient of friction of the lubricating composition according to the invention No. 4, thus demonstrating a synergistic effect of the combination of an organomolybdenum compound according to the invention, a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group according to the invention and a fatty triamine according to the invention for reducing friction on DLC / steel contacts.
[0077] In addition to these results relating to the coefficient of friction, it has been observed that, by the use of the lubricating composition according to the invention No. 4, the wear of the DLC coating of the beads has not worsened, compared to Lubricating compositions No. 2 and No. 6.
[0078] Test 3: Evaluation of the friction properties of lubricating compositions on a DLC / steel contact It is a question of evaluating the friction properties of the lubricating compositions No. 1, No. 2 and No. 4 on the DLC / steel contacts, by measuring the coefficient of friction.
[0079] The coefficient of friction is evaluated using a HFFR DLC ball / steel plate tribometer under the following conditions: - nature of the steel: 100c6 - nature of the DLC coating: hydrogenated DLC a: CH containing between 31 and 33% of hydrogen and having a molar ratio (carbon sp2 / carbon spi) equal to 55/45, - thickness of the layer DLC: 1.5p, - temperature: 110 ° C, - frequency: 20Hz. A difference of at least 0.01 between two coefficient of friction values is considered significant to show the influence on said coefficient of friction. Table V shows the coefficient of friction of the lubricating compositions No. 1, No. 2 and No. 4. Table V Composition No. 1 No. 2 No. 4 Coefficient of 0.070 0.090 0.060 friction DLC / steel These results confirm the results of test 2; indeed, they demonstrate that the lubricant composition according to the invention No. 4 has improved friction properties for the DLC / steel contacts, with respect to a lubricating composition comprising an organomolybdenum compound according to the invention and a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group. according to the invention but not comprising fatty triamine according to the invention (composition No. 2).
[0080] Test 4: Evaluation of the friction properties of lubricating compositions on a DLC / steel contact It is a question of evaluating the friction properties of the lubricating compositions No. 1, No. 3 and No. 5 on the DLC / steel contacts, by measuring the coefficient of friction.
[0081] The coefficient of friction is evaluated according to the method described in test 3. A difference of at least 0.01 between two values of coefficient of friction is considered significant to show the influence on said coefficient of friction. Table VI shows the coefficient of friction of the lubricating compositions No. 1, No. 3 and No. 5.
[0082] Table VI Composition No. 1 No. 3 No. 5 Coefficient of 0.070 0.090 0.060 friction DLC / steel These results confirm the results of Test 2 and Test 3; indeed, they demonstrate that the lubricating composition according to the invention No. 5 has improved friction properties for the DLC / steel contacts, with respect to a lubricating composition comprising an organomolybdenum compound according to the invention and a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group. according to the invention but not comprising fatty triamine according to the invention (composition No. 3), this in the presence of an organomolybdenum compound 2 different from the organomolybdenum compound 1. EXAMPLE 2 Lubricating compositions No. 7 to N From the following compounds: a polyalphaolefin type oil having a viscosity at 100 ° C. of 4 cSt measured according to ASTM D445; a compound comprising a dithiophosphate: zinc dithiophosphate group (Lz 1371 marketed). by the company Lubrizol), - an organomolybdenum compound 1: organomolybdenum complex of formula (Ia) in which R1 represents a hydrocarbon group e comprising 11 carbon atoms (Molyvan 855 marketed by Vanderbilt), - a fatty triamine of formula (VIII) in which R20 represents a hydrocarbon group comprising from 16 to 18 carbon atoms (Triameen YT marketed by Akzo ).
[0083] Lubricating compositions No. 7 to No. 10 are described in Table VII; the percentages given are percentages by weight. Table VII Lubricating composition No. 7 No. 8 No. 9 No. 10 Base oil 100 98.5 97.5 99 Compound comprising a dithiophosphate group 1 1 Compound 0.5 0.5 organomolybdenum 1 Fatty triamine 1 1 Test 5: evaluation of the friction properties of lubricating compositions on a steel / steel contact It is a question of evaluating the friction properties of the lubricating compositions No. 7, No. 8, No. 9 and No. 10 on steel / steel contacts by measuring the coefficient of friction. The coefficient of friction is evaluated according to the method described in test 1. A difference of at least 0.01 between two values of coefficient of friction is considered significant to show the influence on said coefficient of friction. Table VIII shows the coefficient of friction of the lubricating compositions No. 7, No. 8, No. 9 and No. 10.
[0084] Table VIII Composition No. 7 No. 8 No. 9 No. 10 Coefficient of friction steel / steel 0.140 0.050 0.035 0.120 These results show that the lubricant composition according to the invention No. 9 has improved friction properties on steel contacts. steel, in comparison with a lubricating composition comprising an organomolybdenum compound according to the invention and a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group according to the invention but not comprising fatty triamine according to the invention (composition No. 8), as well as compared to a composition lubricant comprising a fatty triamine according to the invention but comprising no organomolybdenum compound according to the invention nor a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group according to the invention (composition No. 10). It is interesting to note that the friction coefficients of the lubricating compositions Nos. 8 and 10 are higher than the coefficient of friction of the lubricating composition according to the invention No. 9, thus demonstrating a synergistic effect of the combination of an organomolybdenum compound according to the invention, a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group according to the invention and a fatty triamine according to the invention for reducing friction on steel / steel contacts. In addition to these results relating to the coefficient of friction, it has been observed that, by the use of the lubricating composition according to the invention No. 9, the wear on the surface of the balls has not worsened, compared to lubricant compositions No. 8 and 10. Test 6: evaluation of the friction properties of lubricating compositions on a steel / diamond contact It is a question of evaluating the friction properties of lubricating compositions No. 7, No. 8 and No. 9 on the steel / diamond contacts, by measuring the coefficient of friction. The coefficient of friction is evaluated using a linear nanodiamond ball / steel plane tribometer under the following conditions: - nature of the steel: 100c6, - nature of the nanodiamond coating: nanocrystalline diamond layer comprising about 75% of hybridized carbon atoms spi (purity of about 75%), of thickness equal to 1.5p, surface roughness equal to 14nm, hardness around 74GPa and having a Young's modulus equal to 620GPa, - temperature : 80 ° C, - normal load of 10N, - stroke of 5mm. A difference of at least 0.01 between two coefficient of friction values is considered significant to show the influence on said coefficient of friction.
[0085] Table IX shows the coefficient of friction of the lubricating compositions No. 7, No. 8 and No. 9. Table IX Composition No. 7 No. 8 No. 9 Coefficient of friction steel / diamond 0.110 0.070 0.060 These results show that the lubricant composition according to the invention No. 9 has improved friction properties for the steel / diamond contacts, compared with to a lubricating composition comprising an organomolybdenum compound according to the invention and a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group according to the invention but not comprising a fatty triamine according to the invention (composition No. 8). In addition to these results relating to the coefficient of friction, it has been observed that, by the use of the lubricating composition according to the invention No. 9, the wear of the nanodiamant coating of the beads has not worsened, compared with the lubricating composition No. 8.
[0086] Test 7: Evaluation of the friction properties of lubricating compositions on a DLC / steel contact It is a question of evaluating the friction properties of the lubricating compositions No. 7, No. 8 and No. 9 on the DLC / steel contacts, by measuring the coefficient of friction. The coefficient of friction is evaluated according to the method described in test 2. A difference of at least 0.01 between two values of coefficient of friction is considered significant to show the influence on said coefficient of friction.
[0087] Table X shows the coefficient of friction of the lubricating compositions No. 7, No. 8 and No. 9. Table X Composition No. 7 No. 8 No. 9 Coefficient of 0.070 0.080 0.070 steel / diamond friction These results show that the lubricant composition according to the invention No. 9 has improved friction properties for the DLC / steel contacts, compared with to a lubricating composition comprising an organomolybdenum compound according to the invention and a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group according to the invention but not comprising a fatty triamine according to the invention (composition No. 8). Thus, the set of examples and tests above demonstrate that the presence of a combination of an organomolybdenum compound according to the invention, a compound comprising a dithiophosphate group according to the invention and a fatty triamine according to the invention. invention in a lubricating composition makes it possible to give this composition equivalent or even improved friction properties on both steel / steel contacts and on steel / carbon coating contacts, and in particular on steel / nanodiamond contacts but also contacts steel / DLC.
[0088] The presence of such a combination in a lubricating composition also allows the lubricant composition to retain good antiwear properties, both on steel / steel contacts and on steel / carbon coating contacts, and especially on steel / nanodiamond contacts. but also steel contacts / DLC.20

权利要求:
Claims (20)
[0001]
REVENDICATIONS1. A lubricating composition comprising: - at least one base oil, - at least one organomolybdenum compound, - at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, and - at least one fatty triamine.
[0002]
The lubricating composition of claim 1 wherein the organomolybdenum compound is a molybdenum dithiocarbamate compound.
[0003]
3. Lubricating composition according to claim 1 wherein the organomolybdenum compound is a molybdenum complex comprising at least one compound selected from: - compounds of formula (I) (I) wherein: - X1 represents an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom; X 2 represents an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom; n represents 1 when X1 represents an oxygen atom and m represents 1 when X2 represents an oxygen atom; n represents 2 when X1 represents a nitrogen atom and m represents 2 when X2 represents a nitrogen atom; R 1 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group comprising from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, advantageously from 7 to 17 carbon atoms, - the compounds of formula (II) in which: X1 represents an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom; X 2 represents an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom; n represents 1 when X1 represents an oxygen atom and m represents 1 when X2 represents an oxygen atom; n represents 2 when X1 represents a nitrogen atom and m represents 2 when X2 represents a nitrogen atom; - R 1 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group comprising from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, advantageously from 7 to 17 carbon atoms; - R2 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group comprising from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, advantageously from 7 to 17 carbon atoms. a mixture of at least one compound of formula (I) and at least one compound of formula (II).
[0004]
4. A lubricating composition according to claim 3 wherein the molybdenum complex comprises at least one compound of formula (Ia) Hn-1 Hn-1 0 1 X1 11 / X1 Mo NC-R2 X2 x2 Hm-1 Hm-1 (II) Mo Ri-CN (Ia) in which R 1 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group comprising from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, advantageously from 7 to 17 carbon atoms, carbon.
[0005]
The lubricating composition according to claim 3 wherein the molybdenum complex comprises at least one compound of formula (II-a) H (II-a) in which R 1 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group comprising 3 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 7 to 17 carbon atoms.
[0006]
6. Lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the content by weight of organomolybdenum compound is from 0.05 to 3%, preferably from 0.1 to 2%, advantageously from 0.1 to 1% relative to to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
[0007]
A lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the compound comprising a dithiophosphate moiety is selected from the group consisting of ammonium dithiophosphates, amine dithiophosphates, ester dithiophosphates and metal dithiophosphates, taken alone. or in mixture.
[0008]
8. A lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the compound comprising a dithiophosphate group is a compound of formula (VII) ## STR1 ## in which: R 18 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group comprising 1 to 30 carbon atoms; R19 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms; - M represents a metal cation, preferably a Zr cation; 2+ - n represents the valence of the metal cation.
[0009]
A lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the compound comprising a dithiophosphate group is a compound of formula (VII-a) or of formula (VII-b): R18O / OR18 PS-Zn1, R190 OR19 S Wherein R18 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms; carbon atoms; R19 is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
[0010]
10. Lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the content by weight of compound comprising a dithiophosphate group ranges from 0.1 to 5%, preferably from 0.1 to 3%, preferably from 0.5 to 2%. % relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
[0011]
11. Lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the fatty triamine is chosen from: - compounds of formula (VIII) R20-N-RCH2) 3-NH2] 2 (VIII) wherein R20 represents an alkyl group linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated comprising at least 10 carbon atoms; the compounds of formula (IX) R21-1H- (C F-12-C F-12-C F-12-N F1) 2- H (IX) in which R21 represents a linear or branched alkyl group saturated or unsaturated compound comprising at least 10 carbon atoms.
[0012]
12. Lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the content by weight of fatty triamine ranges from 0.1 to 5%, preferably from 0.1 to 3%, advantageously from 0.5 to 2% relative to to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
[0013]
13. Lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the mass ratio (organomolybdenum compound / fatty triamine) ranges from 1/10 to 1, preferably from 1/5 to 4/5.
[0014]
14. Lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the mass ratio (organomolybdenum compound / compound comprising a dithiophosphate / fatty triamine group) ranges from 1/10/10 to 1/1/1, preferably 1/5 / 5 to 4/5/5.
[0015]
15. Lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising at least one additive selected from detergents, antiwear additives different from ammonium dithiophosphates, amine dithiophosphates, ester dithiophosphates and dithiophosphates. Extreme pressure additives, dispersants, pour point depressants, defoamers, thickeners, and mixtures thereof.
[0016]
16. Use of a lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 for reducing friction between two steel surfaces in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle.
[0017]
17. Use of a lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 for reducing friction between a steel surface and a carbon-coated surface in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle.
[0018]
18. Use of a lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 for reducing friction between two carbon-coated surfaces in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle.
[0019]
19. Use of a lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 for reducing the fuel consumption of vehicles, preferably motor vehicles. 20. A concentrated composition of additives comprising: - at least one organomolybdenum compound, - at least one compound comprising a dithiophosphate group, and - at least one fatty triamine.
[0020]
20 25

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法律状态:
2015-09-08| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |

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2016-10-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |

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2018-04-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |

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2021-09-10| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20210805 |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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FR1362843A|FR3014898B1|2013-12-17|2013-12-17|LUBRICATING COMPOSITION BASED ON FATTY TRIAMINES|FR1362843A| FR3014898B1|2013-12-17|2013-12-17|LUBRICATING COMPOSITION BASED ON FATTY TRIAMINES|

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MA39091A| MA39091B1|2013-12-17|2014-12-16|Lubricating composition based on fatty triamines|

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EP14812525.5A| EP3083907B1|2013-12-17|2014-12-16|Lubricant composition made from fatty triamines|

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US15/105,413| US20160312144A1|2013-12-17|2014-12-16|Lubricant composition based on fatty triamines|

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CN201480068656.5A| CN105899649B|2013-12-17|2014-12-16|Lubricant compositions based on fatty triamine|

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PCT/EP2014/077942| WO2015091466A1|2013-12-17|2014-12-16|Lubricant composition made from fatty triamines|

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CA2932957A| CA2932957A1|2013-12-17|2014-12-16|Lubricant composition made from fatty triamines|

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JP2016540645A| JP6698020B2|2013-12-17|2014-12-16|Aliphatic triamine-based lubricant composition|

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KR1020167019009A| KR20160099652A|2013-12-17|2014-12-16|Lubricant composition made from fatty triamines|

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ZA2016/03922A| ZA201603922B|2013-12-17|2016-06-09|Lubricant composition based on fatty triamines|